About 1 — based on adult size, bioload, and real water volume.

In a 20-gallon tank you can comfortably keep about 1 goldfish (fancy), on their own with good filtration and regular water changes. Add fewer if you're mixing in other species.
An adult goldfish (fancy) reaches about 8.0" and has a heavy bioload. Working from real water volume and waste output (not the old one-inch-per-gallon myth), a 20-gallon tank supports roughly 1 of them. They need 65–75°F water at pH 7–8.
Build your exact stocking with the calculator → Full goldfish (fancy) care guide →
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